Serums

The name is reminiscent of apothecary from the middle ages. In today’s world, it has stuck. What is a serum? Succinctly phrased, it’s a liquid matrix (usually aqueous) that delivers actives to layers of the skin. Serums are some of the simpler products to formulate in this field, though their complexity can range from simple to somewhat difficult depending on the amount of oils in the formula, the texture seeking to be achieved, and the kinds of emulsifiers used.

Serums can range in color and viscosity, but for the most part, they tend to have thin viscosity (liquid flow). Chassis for these products look much like cleansers. The important things to keep in mind are your marketing ingredients, thickeners (if any) that will be used to achieve desired texture, an effective preservative as serum are like > 85% water, that pH is around skin pH (~5.50), and your scent should you want an olfactory profile associated with your product (highly recommend).

Liquid delivery systems, serums usually are water-based while some are oils or oil-based. Both have their advantages. Aqueous serums are more straightforward in terms of filling, preservatives added, and actives incorporated. Also, water-based serums are cheaper since water is one of the most inexpensive raw materials. Oil-based serum typically have a luxurious presentation, some good actives, but are on the pricier end finished cosmetic goods.

That’s it for serums. Pretty straightforward products to make. If you’re thinking of creating a brand, this is one of the products you’ll want in your initial launch.